29 CFR 1926 · Construction · Subpart V

1926.959: Mechanical Equipment for Power Line Work

By Black Belt Safety Editorial Team Official text as of octubre 15, 2026 Data updated octubre 20, 2026 3 min read

In plain words:

Employers doing power transmission and distribution work must operate mechanical equipment under applicable rules, visually inspect critical safety components of elevating and rotating equipment before use each shift, and keep line truck operators at the controls while a load is suspended unless no one is endangered. Outriggers must be extended and firmly set, moved only in the operator's clear view, and equipment must stay within its load ratings.

Key takeaways

  • 1926.959 is part of OSHA's construction standards (29 CFR Part 1926, Subpart V).
  • OSHA cited it 21 times in the last 3 years, in 14 inspections, with $147,820 in current penalties.
  • 2 deaths are linked to inspections that cited this rule.
  • Most citations: MI (8), TX (3), IA (2).
  • Most-cited part: 1926.959(d) Operations near energized lines or equipment (20 citations).
  • Free 5-minute toolbox talk for your crew below.
21citations, 3 years
$147,820current penalties
14inspections
2linked deaths
In this article
  1. What this rule covers
  2. Official text
  3. Injuries linked to this rule
  4. Where and how often it was cited
  5. Free toolbox talk
  6. OSHA interpretation letters
  7. Most-cited parts of this rule
  8. Get your crew competent
  9. Frequently asked questions
  10. About this page

What this rule covers

29 CFR 1926.959, "Mechanical equipment", is an OSHA construction standard (Part 1926, Subpart V). It has 20 numbered paragraphs. The official text below is copied word for word from the Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR). The numbers, injury cases and training on this page show how OSHA enforces it on real job sites.

Official text

Show the full text of 1926.959 (20 paragraphs)

(a) General requirements —

(1) Other applicable requirements. Mechanical equipment shall be operated in accordance with applicable requirements in this part, including subparts N, O, and CC of this part, except that § 1926.600(a)(6) does not apply to operations performed by qualified employees.

(2) Inspection before use. The critical safety components of mechanical elevating and rotating equipment shall receive a thorough visual inspection before use on each shift.

Critical safety components of mechanical elevating and rotating equipment are components for which failure would result in free fall or free rotation of the boom.

(3) Operator. The operator of an electric line truck may not leave his or her position at the controls while a load is suspended, unless the employer can demonstrate that no employee (including the operator) is endangered.

(b) Outriggers —

(1) Extend outriggers. Mobile equipment, if provided with outriggers, shall be operated with the outriggers extended and firmly set, except as provided in paragraph (b)(3) of this section.

(2) Clear view. Outriggers may not be extended or retracted outside of the clear view of the operator unless all employees are outside the range of possible equipment motion.

(3) Operation without outriggers. If the work area or the terrain precludes the use of outriggers, the equipment may be operated only within its maximum load ratings specified by the equipment manufacturer for the particular configuration of the equipment without outriggers.

(c) Applied loads. Mechanical equipment used to lift or move lines or other material shall be used within its maximum load rating and other design limitations for the conditions under which the mechanical equipment is being used. 1 citations

(d) Operations near energized lines or equipment — Open (d) 20 citations

(1) Minimum approach distance. Mechanical equipment shall be operated so that the minimum approach distances, established by the employer under § 1926.960(c)(1)(i), are maintained from exposed energized lines and equipment. However, the insulated portion of an aerial lift operated by a qualified employee in the lift is exempt from this requirement if the applicable minimum approach distance is maintained between the uninsulated portions of the aerial lift and exposed objects having a different electrical potential. Open (d)(1) 5 citations

(2) Observer. A designated employee other than the equipment operator shall observe the approach distance to exposed lines and equipment and provide timely warnings before the minimum approach distance required by paragraph (d)(1) of this section is reached, unless the employer can demonstrate that the operator can accurately determine that the minimum approach distance is being maintained. Open (d)(2) 5 citations

(3) Extra precautions. If, during operation of the mechanical equipment, that equipment could become energized, the operation also shall comply with at least one of paragraphs (d)(3)(i) through (d)(3)(iii) of this section. Open (d)(3) 10 citations

(i) The energized lines or equipment exposed to contact shall be covered with insulating protective material that will withstand the type of contact that could be made during the operation. Open (d)(3)(i) 2 citations

(ii) The mechanical equipment shall be insulated for the voltage involved. The mechanical equipment shall be positioned so that its uninsulated portions cannot approach the energized lines or equipment any closer than the minimum approach distances, established by the employer under § 1926.960(c)(1)(i). Open (d)(3)(ii) 4 citations

(iii) Each employee shall be protected from hazards that could arise from mechanical equipment contact with energized lines or equipment. The measures used shall ensure that employees will not be exposed to hazardous differences in electric potential. Unless the employer can demonstrate that the methods in use protect each employee from the hazards that could arise if the mechanical equipment contacts the energized line or equipment, the measures used shall include all of the following techniques: Open (d)(3)(iii) 3 citations

(A) Using the best available ground to minimize the time the lines or electric equipment remain energized,

(B) Bonding mechanical equipment together to minimize potential differences,

(C) Providing ground mats to extend areas of equipotential, and

(D) Employing insulating protective equipment or barricades to guard against any remaining hazardous electrical potential differences.

Appendix C to this subpart contains information on hazardous step and touch potentials and on methods of protecting employees from hazards resulting from such potentials.

Source: eCFR, text current as of 2026-10-15.

Injuries linked to this rule

2 deaths are linked to inspections where OSHA cited 1926.959.

Employee is electrocuted while raising vacuum truck boom
2024-09-12 · Fatal · ARMADA, MI

At 1:00 p.m. on September 12, 2024, Employee #1 was raising the boom of a vacuumtruck to install an extension. During the operation, the boom made contact with an overhead electrical line, resulting in electrocution.

See all 2 cases

Full case list with employer, penalty, filters and download is part of OSHA Data (Purple Belt).

Unlock with Purple Belt

Where and how often it was cited

YearCitations
20246
202511
20264

Top states: MI (8), TX (3), IA (2), FL (2), AL (1)

Largest penalties

EmployerLocationPenalty for this rule
TRIPLE D HORIZONTAL DIRECTIONAL DRILLING INC.ARMADA, MI$28,000
KIOWA LINE BUILDERS, INC.KEOSAUQUA, IA$25,000
XTREME POWERLINE CONSTRUCTION, LLCARMADA, MI$19,600
PRIMORIS T&D SERVICES LLCSEMINOLE, FL$16,550
110759 - PRAXEL LINE SERVICES LLCSAINT PAUL, MN$16,550

Free toolbox talk

A 5-minute crew talk on 1926.959, plus alerts when this rule changes. Free.




OSHA interpretation letters

Most-cited parts of this rule

Get your crew competent

Trainers on Black Belt Safety: Marc Harvey, Dana Reyes

Trainers and suppliers: feature your business on this rule for $25/month.

Frequently asked questions

What must be inspected before each shift?

The critical safety components of mechanical elevating and rotating equipment, whose failure would cause free fall or free rotation of the boom.

Can a line truck operator leave the controls with a load up?

Not unless the employer can demonstrate that no employee, including the operator, is endangered.

What if outriggers cannot be used?

The equipment may be operated only within the manufacturer's maximum load ratings for that configuration without outriggers.

About this page

Sources

3-year window. Federal OSHA only; state-plan rules are not counted. Plain-language text is a summary, not legal advice; the official text controls. Black Belt Safety is not part of OSHA or the Department of Labor.

Written and reviewed by

Black Belt Safety Editorial Team

Site Safety Officer and Safety Professional

OSHA 30 · CPR · USACE CQM

Written and reviewed by the Black Belt Safety team. Every post is checked against the OSHA standard or agency source it cites.

Desplácese hacia arriba